Indications

Glucium-TS is indicated for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee, hip, spine, hand, and other locations as a dietary supplement. It may also be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis, sports injuries, migraine, various skin problems (e.g., psoriasis), vascular complications (e.g., atherosclerosis), kidney stones, and inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., ulcerative colitis and leaky gut syndrome).

Take this medicine only as directed by a registered physician.

Pharmacology

Glucosamine is a natural amino sugar produced by the body and found in certain foods. It is the fundamental building block required for the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as hyaluronic acid, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate. GAGs bind with proteins to form proteoglycans, which are essential components of articular cartilage.

When cartilage in a joint deteriorates, osteoarthritis develops. Glucosamine also helps form ligaments, tendons, nails, and various other connective tissues. When artificially synthesized glucosamine sulfate supplements are taken, they increase glucosamine levels in the body and may facilitate cartilage production and repair. Glucosamine also activates chondrocytes in cartilage, which help produce GAGs and proteoglycans.

Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan (acid mucopolysaccharide) found in connective tissues, especially in the articular cartilage of mammals. Chondroitin sulfate supplements act similarly to glucosamine sulfate by providing substrates for proteoglycans. Chondroitin also protects existing healthy cartilage from premature deterioration by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes that break down proteoglycans.

Combining glucosamine with chondroitin sulfate may produce a synergistic effect. Some studies suggest that this combination may help manage the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis, particularly in severe cases. It may also help support cartilage health and the repair of musculoskeletal soft-tissue injuries, such as tendon or ligament strains.

Dosage & Administration

250/200 mg tablet: 1–2 tablets three times daily. The dose may be adjusted according to the patient's response and body weight. After 60 days, the dose may be tapered according to individual requirements and cost considerations.

Typical daily dosage recommendations based on body weight:

Under 54 kg: 1000 mg glucosamine sulfate and 800 mg chondroitin sulfate.
54–91 kg: 1500 mg glucosamine sulfate and 1200 mg chondroitin sulfate.
Over 91 kg: 2000 mg glucosamine sulfate and 1600 mg chondroitin sulfate.

750/600 mg tablet: 1 tablet twice daily or as directed by the physician.

Interaction

No significant drug interactions have been reported between glucosamine and chondroitin and antibiotics, antidepressants, antihypertensives, nitrates, antiarrhythmics, anxiolytics, hypoglycemic agents, antisecretory drugs, or antiasthmatic medications.

However, chondroitin may enhance the blood-thinning effects of anticoagulants such as warfarin and heparin.

Contraindications

There are no well-established contraindications for glucosamine and chondroitin. However, individuals with proven hypersensitivity or allergies to glucosamine or chondroitin, including shellfish or sulfur allergies where relevant, should avoid using them.

Side Effects

Safety studies of glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate have generally shown good tolerability. Rare side effects may include mild and reversible gastrointestinal problems, such as intestinal flatulence.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should avoid glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate supplementation unless advised by a physician. Their effects on fetal development have not been adequately studied. There is also insufficient evidence regarding their safety during breastfeeding. Medical advice is recommended before use during pregnancy and lactation.

Precautions & Warnings

Patients with diabetes mellitus are advised to monitor their blood glucose levels regularly while taking glucosamine.

No specific studies have been conducted in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency. However, patients with severe kidney or liver impairment should take these supplements only under appropriate medical supervision.

Glucosamine and chondroitin supplements are not recommended for children.

Therapeutic Class

Stimulation of Cartilage Formation.

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.