Female:

Ovulation induction in infertility due to anovulation or impaired follicle maturation
Preparation of follicles for puncture in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (ART)
Luteal phase support
Threatened and habitual abortion

Male:

Highly purified HCG has LH activity, essential for gamete growth, maturation, and gonadal steroid production.
In females: substitutes endogenous LH surge to induce ovulation and supports luteal phase.
In males: stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone.
Plasma levels peak ~6 hours after injection; half‑life ~2 days; metabolized mainly in kidneys.

Female (Ovulation induction/follicle preparation): Single injection 5000–10,000 IU HCG after FSH treatment.
Luteal support: Two repeat injections of 2500–5000 IU within 9 days post ovulation/embryo transfer.
Threatened/habitual abortion: 5000 IU deep IM twice weekly until 7th week of gestation.
Male (Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism): 2500–5000 IU twice weekly; add FSH if infertility is main complaint. Continue ≥3 months. Suspend testosterone replacement during therapy.

Known/suspected androgen‑dependent tumors (prostate, breast carcinoma in males).

Allergic reactions: local pain, rash, fever.
Female: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).
Male: Water/sodium retention due to excess androgen production.
Risk of aggravation in cardiac failure, renal dysfunction, hypertension, epilepsy, migraine.
In prepubertal boys: risk of premature epiphyseal closure or precocious puberty.