Indication

Adult: PO Influenza A 100 mg/day for 5 days. Prophylaxis of influenza A 100 mg/day for up to 6 wk. W/ influenza vaccination: up to 3 wk after vaccination. \r\nElderly: >65 yr: Daily dose of <100 mg or 100 mg given at intervals >1 day.\r\nHerpes zoster 100 mg twice daily for 14 days, may continue for another 14 days if pain persists. \r\nParkinson's disease100 mg/day, up to 100 mg twice daily 1 wk or more. Max: 400 mg/day.\r\n\r\n

Administration

Enhances the adverse effects of antimuscarinics and levodopa. CNS stimulants, drugs that raise urinary pH.\r\n\r\nThe concurrent use of Amantadine hydrochloride with live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) intranasal has not been evaluated.

Adult Dose

Patients with CV or liver disease, impaired renal function, recurrent eczema. Elderly. Withdrawal of the drug should be gradual.\r\n\r\nLactation: Drug enters breast milk; not recommended

Renal Dose

Amantadine is a weak dopamine agonist possessing antimuscarinic properties. It alters dopamine release and re-uptake. It also noncompetitively antagonises N-methyl-D-aspartate. As an antiviral drug, it inhibits replication of influenza type A virus.

Contraindication

Oral\r\nInfluenza A treatment\r\nChild: 1-9 years or <40 kg (any age): 5 mg/kg/day PO in single dose or divided q12 hr; not to exceed 150 mg/day\r\n\r\n>10 years and <40 kg: 5 mg/kg/day PO divided q12hr\r\n\r\n>10 years and >40 kg: 100 mg PO q12hr\r\n\r\nNOTE: Because of resistance, amantadine is no longer recommended for prophylaxis or treatment of influenza A\r\n\r\n

Mode of Action

Should be taken with food.

Precaution

Parkinson's disease, Influenza, herpes zoster, drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions \r\n

Side Effect

Renal impairment:\r\nCrCl (ml/min) \r\n>35 100 mg daily.\r\n15-35 100 mg every 2-3 days.\r\n<15 Not recommended.

Pregnancy Category Note

1-10%\r\nAgitation,Anorexia,Anxiety,Ataxia,Confusion,Constipation,Depression,Diarrhea,Dizziness,Dream abnormality,Dry nose,Fatigue,Hallucinations,Headache,Insomnia,Irritability,Livedo reticularis,Nausea,Nervousness,Orthostatic hypotension,Peripheral edema,Somnolence,Xerostomia\r\n\r\n<1%\r\nAmnesia,CHF,Decreased libido,Dyspnea,Eczematoid dermatitis,Euphoria,Hyperkinesis,Hypertension,Instances of convulsions,Leukopenia,Neutropenia,Oculogyric episodes,Psychosis,Rash,Slurred speech,Urinary retention,Visual disturbances,Vomiting,Weakness\r\n\r\nPotentially Fatal: Congestive heart failure, convulsions.

Interaction

Hypersensitivity. Pregnancy and lactation. Epilepsy or other seizure disorders, severe renal impairment and gastric ulceration.